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Introduction to Data Structures
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The logical
inter-relation between elementary data items is called
as data structure. The
basic data items include integers, bits,
characters.
Basically it
deals with manipulation and organization of data,
solving problems with computer involves data
manipulation. But the data available will usually be
in amorphous form. When different types of such data are
related to each other, then we call it to be a data
structure.
Where,
D :
Data structure
d : Domain variable
F
: A set of functions or procedures operating on
domain variables.
A : A set of axioms or rules
which governing the operations of these functions on the
domain variable.
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Advantages
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The major advantages
of data structures are :
• It gives different level
of organizing data.
• It tells how data can be stored
and accessed in its elementary level
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Operation on Data
Structures
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The operations that
can be performed on data structures are
:
Creation : This operation creates a data structure. The
declaration statement causes space to be created for
data upon entering at execution
time.
Destroy : This operation destroys the
data structure and aids in the efficient use of
memory.
Selection : This operation is used to
access data within a data structure. The form of
selection depends on the type of data structure being
accessed.
Update : This operation changes or
modifies the data in the data structure and it is an
important property in selection operation.
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Types of Data
Structures
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Linear Data Structure :
Stacks, Queues, Linked
Lists, etc.
Non-linear Data Structure : Trees,
Graphs, etc.
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Back to
Basics
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Array : Array is an ordered set which consists of a fixed
number of objects. No deletion or insertion operations
are performed on arrays.
List : List on the other hand is an ordered set
containing of a variable number of elements to which
insertions and deletions can be made. The list is divided into
two types :
File : File is typically a large list that is stored in
the external memory of a computer. Ex: Magnetic
disk.
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